Expression of Concern
The journal has been made aware of concerns regarding the ethical approval for the study described in this article. The authors have been asked to provide documentation; readers should interpret the results with caution until the matter is resolved.
A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group randomized clinical trial of the long-term efficacy and safety of adjunctive low-dose dietary supplementation with fermented milk-derived peptides and multi-strain probiotic preparations on glycemic control, systemic inflammation, gut microbiota composition and health-related quality of life in adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and mild chronic kidney disease: a prespecified 24-month secondary analysis
Tomasz Kuznetsov1*, Leyla Yılmaz2
1School of Physics, Han River Institute for Advanced Study, South Korea
2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pacific Rim University, Australia
* Corresponding author.
Cascadia J. Biomed. Res. 2023, 15(3), 294-300; https://doi.org/10.58302/7bts5y24
Abstract
Understanding tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes is of central importance, yet existing approaches rely on restrictive assumptions. In contrast to earlier studies, our approach accounts for heterogeneity and avoids the usual simplifying assumptions. We find a distinct transcriptional program in the responding group. We find no evidence of an effect on the secondary outcomes. The analysis uses a combination of rigorous arguments and extensive numerical or empirical checks. The findings have implications for practice and provide a basis for more general theories.
The book Central Visual Field Defects in Glaucoma by Dr Tutul Chakravarti is an eye opener for many glaucoma specialists. The book has 11 chapters and 260 pages and is easy reading. The book is unique as it discusses the latest concepts and definitions of central visual field defects (CFVDs) as pertinent to glaucoma.
The underestimation of CFVD over ages has led to an underestimation of the loss of quality of life of glaucoma patients, even in early stages of disease. I enjoyed the book, particularly as it is very well illustrated. The topics for each chapter are discussed well without beating around the bush. Many glaucoma specialists fail to perform a 10-2 visual field (VF) in early stages of glaucoma, and this book reinforces this concept very strongly. This is supported by anatomical studies and illustrations. The last chapter (Chapter 11) is interesting in that it examines the evaluation of 10-2 field in advanced glaucoma, especially delineating the vulnerable areas of the VF affected.
Apart from glaucoma specialists, the book is also recommended for postgraduates interested in Glaucoma and Glaucoma Fellows across the World.
Declarations
Funding
The authors acknowledge support from the Wellcome Trust (grant 215801/Z/19/Z) and the National Institute for Health and Care Research.
Data Availability
Source code and data are available at a public repository; the link is provided in the Methods section.
Demonstration content: the full text of this article is adapted from “Central Visual Field Defects in Glaucoma by Dr Tutul Chakravarti. Kugler Publications, Netherlands” by Gupta and colleagues (Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, 2026; https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_2689_26), which is available under a Creative Commons license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Ethics Statement
No ethics approval was required for this study.
Copyright and License
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